links

References

Basic textbooks and Overviews

Archangeli, D. & Langendoen, D. T. (eds) (1997), Optimality Theory – an Overview. Blackwell, Oxford.
P. Barbosa, D. Fox, P. Hagstrom, M. McGinnis, and D. Pesetsky (eds.) (1998), Optimality and Competition in Syntax. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Kager, R. (1999), Optimality theory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Legendre, G., Vikner, S. & Grimshaw, J. (to appear), Optimality-Theoretic Syntax. The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Dekkers, J., van der Leeuw, F. & van der Weijer, J. (eds) (2001), Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax and Aquisition. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Articles and Monographs (articles marked with * are posted to the online reader)

General/Foundation

Antilla, A. & Cho, Y.-m. (1998), ‘Variation and change in optimality theory’, Lingua 104, 31-56.
Haspelmath; M., 'Optimality and Diachronic Adaptation' (1999), Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 18.2, 180-205. *
Prince, A., & Smolensky, P. (1997), 'Optimality: From Neural Networks to Universal Grammar', Science 275, 1604-1610.
Smolensky, P. (1986), ‘Information processing in dynamical systems: foundation of harmony theory’, in: D.E. Rumelhart and J.L McClelland (eds.), Explorations in the microstructure of cognition, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 194-281.

OT Phonology

Boursma, P. (1998), Functional phonology. Holland Academic Graphics. The Hague
Itô, J, Mester, A., & Padgett, J. (1995), ‘Underspecification in optimality theory’. Linguistic Inquiry 26, 571-613.
Prince, A. & Smolensky, P: (1993), Optimality Theory. Constraint interaction in generative grammar. Book manuscript Rudgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. and University of Colorado, Boulder. (To appear, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.)..

OT Syntax/Morphology

Aissen, J. (to appear), 'Differential Object Marking: Iconicity vs. Economy'. *
Bresnan, J. (1997), 'The Emergence of the Unmarked Pronoun: Chichewa Pronominals in Optimality Theory'. To appear in BLS-23 (Berkeley Linguistic Society). Also available from: ROA-179-0297.
Bresnan, J. (in press), 'The Emergence of the Unmarked Pronoun'. In Optimality-theoretic Syntax, edited by Geraldine Legendre, Sten Vikner, and Jane Grimshaw. MIT Press, Cambidge, Mass. *
Bresnan, J. (to appear), 'Optimal Syntax', in J. Dekkers, F. van der Leeuw & J. van de Weijer (ed.), Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax and Acquisition, Oxford University Press. *
Fanselow, G., Schlesewsky, M., Cavar, D., & Kliegl, R. (1999), ‘Optimal parsing’. Manuscript, University of Potsdam.
Fodor, J., Bever, T. & Garrett; M. (1974), The psychology of language. New York: McGraw Hill.
Frazier, L. & Clifton, C. (1996), Construal. MIT Press, Cambidge, Mass.
Gibson, E. & Broihier, K. (1998), ‘Optimality theory and human sentence processing’, in: P. Barbosa, D. Fox, P. Hagstrom, M. McGinnis, and D. Pesetsky (eds.).
Grimshaw, J. (1997), ‘Projections, Heads, and Optimality’. Linguistic Inquiry 28, 373-422. Prepublication as Minimal Projection, Heads, and Optimality in ROA. *
Kuhn, J. (to appear), 'Generation and parsing in optimality theoretic syntax - Issues in the formalization of OT-LFG (under final revision), in Peter Sells (ed.), Formal and Empirical Issues in Optimality-theoretic Syntax, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Legendre, G., Smolensky, P. & Wilson, C. (1998), 'When is less more?', in: P. Barbosa, D. Fox, P. Hagstrom, M. McGinnis, and D. Pesetsky (eds.).
McCarthy, J. & Prince, A (1993), ‘Generalized alignment’. In G.E. Booij and J. van Merle (eds.), Yearbook of Morphology 1993. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 79-153.
McCarthy, J. & Prince, A (1993), ‘Prosodic morphology I: constraint interaction and satisfaction’. Ms . University of Massachusetts, Amherst and Rutgers University.
Pesetsky, D. (1997), ‘Optimality Theory and syntax: movement and pronunciation’, in: D. Archangeli & D.T. Langendoen (eds.), Optimality theory: an overview. Blackwell, Oxford, 134-170.
Wurzel, Wolfgang U. (1998), ‘On markedness’. Theoretical Linguistics 24: 53-71

OT Learning

Boersma, P. & Hayes, B. (2001), 'Empirical Tests of the Gradual Learning Algorithm', Linguistic Inquiry 32, 45-86.*
Gibson, E. & Wexler, K. (1994), ‘Triggers’, Linguistic Inquiry 25, 407-454.
Hale, M. & Reiss, C. (1998), 'Formal and empirical arguments concerning phonological acquisition', Linguistic Inquiry 29, 656-683.
Smolensky, P. (1996a), ‘On the comprehension/production dilemma in child language’, Linguistic Inquiry 27, 720-731.
Smolensky, P. (1996b), ‘The initial state and "richness of the base" in optimality theory', Technical Report CU-CS-714-94. Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder.
Tesar, B. & Smolensky, P. (2000), 'Learnability in Optimality Theory', Linguistic Inquiry 29, 229-268.
Tesar, B. & Smolensky, P. (2000), Learnability in Optimality Theory, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

Computational Aspects

Frank, R. & Satta, G. (1998), 'Optimality theory and the generative complexity of constraint violability', Computational Linguistics 24, 307–315.
Gerdemann, Dale, and Gertjan van Noord (2000), 'Approximation and exactness in finite state Optimality Theory'. In SIGPHON 2000, Finite State Phonology. Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop of the ACL Special Interest Group in Computational Phonology, Luxembourg.
Jäger, G. (2000), 'Some notes on the formal properties of bidirectional optimality theory', in Studies in Optimality Theory (R. Blutner and G. Jäger, eds.), pp. 41-63. Linguistics in Potsdam, Potsdam. *
Karttunen, L. (1998), 'The proper treatment of optimality in computational phonology', In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Finite-State Methods in Natural Language Processing, FSMNLP’98, pp. 1–12. To appear, ROA-258-0498.
Kuhn, J. (2000a), 'Faithfulness violations and bidirectional optimization'. In M. Butt and T. H. King (eds.), Proceedings of the LFG 2000 Conference, Berkeley, CA, CSLI Proceedings Online, pp. 161–181.
Kuhn, J. (2000b), 'Processing Optimality-theoretic syntax by interleaved chart parsing and generation. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL-2000), pp. 360–367, Hongkong.
Kuhn, J. (2001), 'Formal and Computational Aspects of Optimality-theoretic Syntax', PhD thesis, Institut für maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, Univerität Stuttgart.
Wartena, C. (2000), 'A note on the generative capacity of optimality systems', in Studies in Optimality Theory (R. Blutner and G. Jäger, eds.), pp. 64-72. Linguistics in Potsdam, Potsdam.

Also useful:
SIGPHON's computational OT bibliography at http://www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk/sigphon/
Several papers of Jason Eisner: http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~jeisner/papers

OT Semantics/Interpretation

Anttila, A. & Fong, V. (2000), 'The Partitive Constraint in Optimality Theory', Journal of Semantics 17.4. *
Beaver, David (to appear). 'The optimization of discourse'. Linguistics and Philosophy. *
Blutner, R. (1998), ‘Lexical Pragmatics’. Journal of Semantics 15, 115-162.
Blutner, R (2000), 'Some Aspects of Optimality in Natural Language Interpretation', Journal of Semantics 17.3. *
Burzio, L. (1998), ‘Anaphora and soft constraints’, in P. Barbosa, D. Fox, P. Hagstrom, M. McGinnis, and D. Pesetsky (eds.).
Carston, R. (1998), ‘Informativeness, relevance and scalar implicature’. In Robyn Carston and S. Uchida (eds.), Relevance Theory: Applications and Implications. John Benjamins. Amsterdam.
Dekker; P. & van Rooy; R. (2000), 'Bi-Directional Optimality Theory: An Application of Game Theory', Journal of Semantics 17.3. *
Horn, L.R.. (1984), ‘Toward a new taxonomy for pragmatic inference: Q-based and R-based implicatures’, in: D. Schiffrin (ed), Meaning, Form, and Use in Context, Georgetown University Press, Washington, 11-42.
Hendriks, P. & Hoop, H. de (2001), 'Optimality Theoretic Semantics', Linguistics & Philosophy 24, 1-32. *
Hoop, H. de (1999), ‘Optimal scrambling and interpretation’. To appear in: H. Bennis & M. Everaert (eds.), Interface Strategies.
Jäger, G. (2000), 'Some notes on the formal properties of bidirectional optimality theory', in Studies in Optimality Theory (R. Blutner and G. Jäger, eds.), pp. 41-63. Linguistics in Potsdam, Potsdam. *
Jäger, G. & Blutner, R. (2000), ‘Against lexical decomposition in syntax’, in Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference, IATL 7 (A.Z. Wyner, ed.), University of Haifa.
Levinson, S. (1987), ‘Pragmatics and the grammar of anaphora’, Journal of Linguistics 23, 379-434.
Levinson, S. C. (2000), Presumptive Meanings. The MIT Press. Cambridge & London.
McCawley, J.D. (1978), ‘Conversational implicature and the lexicon’, in P. Cole (ed.), Syntax and Semantics 9: Pragmatics, Academic Press, New York, 245-259.
Schwarzschild, R. (1999), ‘GIVENness, AvoidF and other constraints of the placement of accent’, Natural Language Semantics.
Sperber, Dan & Wilson, Deirdre (1986), Relevance: Communication and cognition. Blackwell. Oxford.
Williams, E. (1997), ‘Blocking and anaphora’. Linguistic Inquiry 28, 577-628.
Wilson, C. (to appear), 'Bidirectional Optimization and the Theory of Anaphora', in G. Legendre et al. Optimality-theoretic Syntax, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Zeevat, H. (2000), 'The asymmetry of optimality theoretic syntax and semantics', to appear in Journal of Semantics 17.3. *
Zeevat, H. (to appear), 'Explaining Presupposition Triggers'. *
Zipf, G.K. (1949), Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort, Addison-Wesley, Cambridge

OT Software

Hayes, Bruce, Bruce Tesar, and Kie Zuraw (2000) "OTSoft," software package, http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/hayes/otsoft/